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🌌 1. Birth of the Solar System (4.6 Billion Years Ago)

• Our Sun and planets (including Earth) formed from a giant cloud of gas and dust in space, called a solar nebula.

• Gravity pulled this gas and dust together → the Sun formed in the center.

• Leftover material started clumping together → planets began to form.

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🌍 2. Formation of Earth (4.5 Billion Years Ago)

• Tiny rocks and dust stuck together, forming bigger and bigger bodies (called planetesimals).

• These planetesimals kept colliding and merging → eventually formed a hot, molten early Earth.

• At this time, Earth had no oceans, no life — just a ball of molten rock.

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☄️ 3. The Giant Impact (Moon Formation)

• A Mars-sized object (scientists call it Theia) smashed into young Earth.

• The collision threw huge chunks of rock into space.

• These pieces came together and formed the Moon.

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🌊 4. Cooling & Oceans

• Over millions of years, Earth’s surface cooled and hardened → crust formed.

• Volcanoes released gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrogen).

• Water vapor condensed → rain fell → oceans filled up.

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🌱 5. Atmosphere & Life

• First atmosphere: carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia (no oxygen).

• About 3.5 billion years ago → first life appeared (tiny microbes in the ocean).

• About 2.5 billion years ago → cyanobacteria made oxygen → new atmosphere.

• Oxygen allowed complex life, plants, animals, and eventually humans.

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✅ So Earth was made from space dust → molten planet → cooled → oceans → life.

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